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OCEAN RESEARCH & REPORTS


​KEY DOCUMENTS FOR THE OCEAN AND ITS GOVERNANCE
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea - UN
Agreement on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction - UN
"High Seas Treaty" signatories - UN
The Paris Agreement - UN
Barcelona Statement - UNESCO
Venice Declaration for Ocean Literacy in Action
 - UNESCO
​The SOS Ocean Manifesto - Paris meeting

Declaration on the Sustainable Development Goals – UN, 2023
The European Ocean Pact - European Commission
Oceans and the law of the sea - UN General Assembly
The Antarctic Treaty and key documents - 
Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty
The Nairobi Convention - COP 11
The Dubai Ocean Declaration - Nature
The Cape Town Manifesto - IUCN and OceanHub Africa

Ocean governance summaries - World Bank
Area-based Management Tools in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction - IUCN
State of the Climate 2024 - World Meteorological Organization
An ocean of life: the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development - UNESCO
Protected Planet Report 2024 - UNEP-WCMC and IUCN
Ambition, Action, Impact: the Ocean Decade Pathway to 2030 - IOC
​

BEHAVIOUR CHANGE: HUMANS AND THE OCEAN
Behavioral interventions motivate action to address climate change: Sinclair A.H. et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2025
Ocean Decade Challenge 10 underscores social dynamics in marine sciences as critical to transforming human–ocean relationships - Glithero D. et al, ICES Journal of Marine Science, Volume 82, Issue 3, March 2025, fsaf030
Changing Human Behavior to Conserve Biodiversity -  Verissimo, D. et al, IUCN
Ballot Earth: Democracy, Climate Change, and Our Collective Future - Smitha Rao et al, Social Work, Volume 70, Issue 1
The Emerging Field of Conservation Psychology - Saunders, C. D., Human Ecology Review, 10(2), 2003
Changing Norms to Change Behavior – Miller, D. and Prentice, D., Stanford University, Princeton University, 2016
Will understanding the ocean lead to “the ocean we want”? - G.G. Singh et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118 (5), 2021
Personal and social factors that influence pro-environmental concern and behaviour: A review - ​R. Gifford, A. Nilsson, University of Victoria, 2014
Facilitating behavior change: Introducing the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change as a conservation psychology framework and tool for practitioners - A. A. Walton et al, Zoo Biol. 2022 Sep;41(5), 2022

RESEARCH ON GREAT WHITE SHARKS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Uncertainty remains for white sharks in South Africa, as population stability and redistribution cannot be concluded by Bowlby et al. - ScienceDirect (2024)
Decline or shifting distribution? A first regional trend assessment for white sharks in South Africa - ScienceDirect (2023)
Possible causes of a substantial decline in sightings in South Africa of the white shark - SciELO (2021)

Running scared: when predators become prey – Ecosphere (2019)
Disappearance of white sharks leads to the novel emergence of an allopatric apex predator, the sevengill shark - Nature (2019)


​​FOR MARINE RESEARCH FROM AFRICA, PLEASE SEE THE AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE 
​

 
​RESEARCH PAPERS AND REPORTS

JUNE 2025
Ocean Acidification: Another Planetary Boundary Crossed - Wiley Online Library
‘Plenty of fish in the sea’? Not anymore, say UN experts in Nice - UN Report
Sinking Plastics: The Hidden Threat to Our Oceans - Earth Day
​
Bringing the Protection Principle into Action - #LetsBeNiceToTheOcean Report
An alarming disconnect: Global study by Back to Blue reveals urgent need for ocean literacy - Economist Impact
Anthropogenic climate change will likely outpace coral range expansion - Science
Global tracking of marine megafauna space use reveals how to achieve conservation targets - Science
Pledge to protect oceans falling billions short: Report - Phys.org
Why we should protect the high seas from all extraction, forever - Nature
European Union’s strict conservation targets should guide global marine policy - Nature
MAY 2025
Queensland Government expands shark cull despite scientific evidence - Australian Marine Conservation Society
The silent signals of climate change in the ocean - Science
The 80:20 estimate of land vs ocean sources of marine pollution: fit for purpose? - Frontiers
Accountants could save the ocean - James Cook University

Turning the tide on ocean conservation; The UN Ocean Conference offers a rare opportunity for countries - Nature
Opportunities to enhance conservation success for sharks - Nature
Heat-tolerant symbionts critical to protecting Florida's elkhorn coral from bleaching - University of Miami

International Law Obligations Must Inform How Countries Regulate Seabed Mining - Pew
Climate-smart solutions require distinguishing marine spatial planning and marine conservation planning - University of Lisbon
How methane emissions from warming wetlands could exacerbate climate change - University of Colorado Boulder
Majority of voters want US federal agencies to increase efforts to protect them from global warming - Yale

The gender gap in carbon footprints: determinants and implications - London School of Economics
How Google Images Can Make You Really Care About Climate Change - Columbia Business School
The Precautionary Principle and Deep-Seabed Mining - UN Human Rights Council
Conserving Long-Lived Species: The Importance of Monitoring Decades-Old Individuals - NOAA Fisheries
Database reveals vital ocean links to aid conservation and migratory connectivity - University of Queensland
Binary climate data visuals amplify perceived impact of climate change - Nature
Management approach matters: meeting seagrass recovery and carbon mitigation goals - Nature
Ocean science at the 2025 United Nations Ocean Conference: What to look out for - UN Ocean Decade

High-income groups disproportionately contribute to climate extremes worldwide - Nature
Ocean is heating faster in two bands stretching around globe, study reveals - Phys.org
APRIL 2025
Study Uncovers Endangered Hawksbill Turtle Migration Secrets - Loma Linda University
Oversight hearing: exploring the potential of deep-sea mining for US mineral production - US House of Representatives
A psychologically wise intervention to inform relational organizing in the face of climate and ocean change - Nature
The ocean may be absorbing less carbon, but it may not be due to climate change, yet - University of Colorado Boulder
A psychologically wise intervention to inform relational organizing in the face of climate and ocean change - Nature
The activism responsibility of climate scientists and the value of science-based activism - Nature
TBlue Economy Struggles—Capital and Power in the Global Ocean - Journal of Agrarian Change
Impact of ocean connectedness, environmental identity, emotions, and ocean activities on pro-environmental behaviors - Frontiers
Imperiled species and the five drivers of biodiversity loss - BioScience
Status of global seafloor mapping effort and priority areas for future mapping - Frontiers
Fishing bans help kelp forests withstand marine heatwaves - Stanford University
Rising warm positive Indian Ocean dipole under global warming: Early western Indian Ocean warming as a key predictor - Science Direct

The impacts of climate activism - ScienceDirect
Diel activity correlates with colour pattern morphology of heterobranch sea slugs - British Ecological Society
Past conservation efforts reveal which actions lead to positive outcomes for species- PLOS
Coral reefs release a colourful mix of chemicals, feeding tiny ocean recyclers - University of Hawai'i
The Promotive Effect of Ocean Literacy on Marine Conservation Behavior - BioRxiv
Here is what we need to prioritize for immediate ocean science research - The Conversation
Ocean Planet Biodiversity Genomics - Astrobiology
Best practices for cataloguing DNA reference databases, deepening marine biodiversity understanding - UN Ocean Decade
Fishers and factors influencing willingness to engage in pro-conservation behaviour - Society for Conservation Biology
A decade of implementing the Biodiversity management plan for African penguins – successes, failures and lessons - ScienceDirect

Innovative research provides further insights into how ocean waves form - University of Miami
Scientists find way to protect seabirds and boost UK wind farms - Oceanographic
Effects of anthropogenic noise on marine mammal abundances informed by mixed methods - Nature
Evidence of limited N2 fixation in the Southern Ocean - Nature

Global floating kelp forests have limited protection despite intensifying marine heatwave threats- Nature
Culture is key to advancing ocean sustainability - Stanford University
Inside the minds of marine predators: how memory and social cues shape ocean survival - Nelson Mandela University
Mako shark trekking patterns reveal a hidden impact of changing ocean temperatures - University of Missouri
Impact of ocean connectedness, environmental identity, emotions, and ocean activities on pro-environmental behaviors - Frontiers

​Trends and future directions in the conservation social sciences - Society for Conservation Biology
MARCH 2025
Ocean Decade Challenge 10; social dynamics in marine sciences critical to transforming human–ocean relationships - ICES Journal of Marine Science
Media coverage of biodiversity falls short compared to climate change and popular culture - Nature
Defining marine rewilding can help guide theory and practice in marine conservation - Nature
Researching Africa’s oceans to support livelihoods - SciDev
Links between climate change and suicidal behavior risks - Nature

Potential conflicts between fishing and oceanic carbon sequestration in 15% of the ocean - ScienceDirect
Global distribution, quantification and valuation of the biological carbon pump - Nature
Arizona State University creates decision-making framework to improve conservation efficiency - ASU
Florida, South Africa Emerge as Ocean Energy Hotspots in Global Hunt for Renewable Power - Florida Atlantic University
Sharks are dying at alarming rates, mostly due to fishing. Retention bans may help - EurekAlert
Ocean Literacy in managing Marine Protected Areas: Bridging natural and cultural heritage - Frontiers
Migrating baleen whales transport high-latitude nutrients to tropical and subtropical ecosystems - Nature
High Seas workshop catalyses urgent action for conservation of biodiversity - IUCN
Eukaryotic phytoplankton decline could significantly impact global carbon cycle - Phys.org

AI Cracks the Ocean’s Acoustic Code to Reveal Hidden Marine Life - SciTechDaily
Study: Coastal cities will spend over $3 trillion on damage from sea level rise - Earth.com
Arctic Ocean bathymetry and its connections to tectonics, oceanography and climate - Nature
Unlocking the Power of eDNA for Marine Conservation - NOAA
UNESCO Launches Policy Brief Highlighting Urgent Need to Strengthen Ocean Literacy in Education - UNESCO
Going With the Flow: Visualizing Ocean Currents with ECCO - NASA
As the politics of climate change shift, how can ordinary people respond? - Yale

Investigating passive eDNA samplers and submergence times for marine surveillance - ResearchGate ​
FEBRUARY 2025
Shark Activity On South African Reef Revealed By Citizen Scientist Scuba Divers - PLOS Journal
Elephant seals as ecosystem sentinels for the northeast Pacific Ocean twilight zone - Science
Iconic ocean-current system is safe from climate collapse ― for now - Nature
Tiny Ocean Plastics Linked to Big Brain Problems - MedPage Today
How to write your way through climate anxiety and uncertainty - Yale Climate Connections
The rising tide of sand mining: A growing threat to marine life - Michigan State University
Rare Deep-Sea Shark Faces Extinction As Its Home Disappears - University of Plymouth
Recent Decline in Global Ocean Evaporation Due To Wind Stilling - AGU
Wild fish use visual cues to recognize individual divers - The Royal Society, Biology Letters
Study shows Indian Ocean devil rays at risk of overfishing - Phys.org

Study shows MPAs boost fish populations across California's waters - Baird Maritime
Underwater Mountains Are Teeming With 41 Times More Sharks Than The Open Ocean - IFLScience

Saving North Atlantic right whales: High-tech solutions to prevent vessel strikes - ifaw
Protecting the next generation of whales - WWF

State of the world’s kelp forests - Eger, Aaron M. et al. One Earth
‘Marine Prosperity Areas’ Represent a New Hope in Conservation - Scripps, UC San Diego
Blue food project taps the ocean’s potential to feed the world - Stanford University
Climate change is overhauling marine nutrient cycles - UC Irvine
How Africa can make 2025 its ‘super year’ for ocean governance - Institute for Securities Studies
​JANUARY 2025
Status, trends and conservation of global sea turtle populations -Nature
Rabies and Seals in South Africa: What You Need to Know - NICD
Study reveals rapid shift in loggerhead sea turtles' range - Stanford University
Offshore wind farms could cause significant ecosystem, economic and human health risks - University of Portsmouth
As Oceans Warm, Predators Are Falling Out of Sync with Their Prey - Yale
NHK’s Deep Ocean team succeeds in capturing new behavior of the coelacanth - Prensario
Tropical Blue Carbon: Challenges and Opportunities - Frontiers (Jan. 13)
Study finds resilient coral reefs in the Indian Ocean basin - The East African

Ocean Economy Market is expected to display a CAGR of 7.8% and reach USD 5.04 trillion by 2034 - Polaris Market Research
Ocean’s largest chlorophyll-rich tongue is extending westward - Nature
DECEMBER 2024
Satellite tracking reveals critical habitats and migratory pathways for green and hawksbill turtles - Endangered Species Research
Oceans and the law of the sea: sustainable fisheries - UN General Assembly 
Oceans and the law of the sea - UN General Assembly
Assessing South Africa’s marine protected area quality and progress towards conservation goals: An application of The MPA Guide framework - Science Direct
First-ever Mediterranean mako shortfin shark tagged for conservation - Virginia Tech
Climate communication: 10 research-backed tips - Harvard
‘Knowledge Brokering’: Key to successful development of the Marine Protected Areas - IUCN
A ‘doom loop’ of climate change and geopolitical instability is beginning - The Conversation

Ecological erosion and expanding extinction risk of sharks and rays - Science
Marine Protected Areas as a Tool for Environmental Justice - Frontiers
NOVEMBER 2024
Decadal oscillations in the ocean’s largest oxygen-deficient zone - Science
Killer whales (Orcinus orca) hunt, kill and consume the largest fish on Earth, the whale shark (Rhincodon typus) - Frontiers

Direct hearing measurements in a baleen whale suggest ultrasonic sensitivity - Science
A new model can predict marine heatwaves and extreme ocean acidity months in advance - University of Colorado Boulder
Ekman revisited: Surface currents to the left of the winds in the Northern Hemisphere - Science
NOAA Committee Conducting Survey on Methods to Deter Conflicts with Marine Mammals - NOAA
Ship collision risk threatens whales across the world’s oceans - Science
NOAA Partners With Carbon To Sea To Release Guidelines On mCDR Data Management - Carbon Herald
Mechanically strong yet metabolizable supramolecular plastics by desalting upon phase separation - Science

Navigating the Current Landscape of Ocean Observations: Overview From Platform Infrastructures to Networks related to Ocean Time Series - Frontiers
One or Many? Exploring the Population Groups of Antarctic Blue Whales - University of Washington
State of the Climate 2024 - World Meteorological Organization
The Dubai Ocean Declaration - Nature

An ocean of life: how the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development is supporting implementation of the Kunming-Montreal GBF - UNESCO
Most recent iteration of the possible Global Plastics Treaty - UN
Climate Action Tracker - Climate Analytics, New Climate Institute, IESR
Apia Commonwealth Ocean Declaration - The Commonwealth Secretariat
Ocean Research Media Report - Pulitzer Center 
The four big ocean fights of the next four years - Ocean Conservancy
Maximizing the Potential of Sustainable Aquatic Food Systems for Global Food Security: Key Opportunities and Challenges - Frontiers
2024 Lancet Report on Climate Change Reveals Record-breaking Health Threats - Yale
OCTOBER 2024
Changing Human Behavior to Conserve Biodiversity -  Verissimo, D. et al, IUCN

Protected Planet Report 2024 - UNEP-WCMC and IUCN
State of the world’s kelp forests - Eger, Aaron M. et al. One Earth, Volume 0, Issue 0
Nationally determined contributions under the Paris Agreement. Synthesis report by the secretariat - UN Climate Change
Advancing the Protection Principle - The Varda Group

Are we missing the mark on biodiversity? 90% of countries ignore key behavior changes - University of Surrey
Tides of Transparency. A First Mapping of Industrial Ocean Data Sharing - Ocean Data Action Coalition, HUB Ocean, UN Ocean Decade
Sea-level rise maps can decrease risk perceptions in coastal communities - Yale Program
Making Waves: Ocean Media Landscape Report - Pulitzer Centre
The Ocean Prediction DCC Architecture for Ocean Forecasting - UN Ocean Decade
EXTRAS
Tracking animal movements via collaborative acoustic telemetry networks - Journal of Fish Biology

Ocean Literacy and the Atlantic Region: a toolkit for educators - UNESCO
Policy Brief on Sea Level Rise - IUCN
At sea mortality estimates of loggerhead turtle in Southwestern Atlantic Ocean - Ademir S. Maruyama et al, Biological Conservation, Volume 289
​A Regional Perspective: the Agulhas Current System - NOAA
“You didn't come into this world. You came out of it, like a wave from the ocean. You are not a stranger here.”
Alan W. Watts, Cloud-Hidden, Whereabouts Unknown

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©THEOCEANADVOCATE 2025
​ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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